Therefore such patients should not be involved in contact sports for several weeks to months after infection, as a ruptured spleen can cause other complications.
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Confirming glandular fever is important as it is possible the spleen can rupture. Symptoms similar to infectious mononucleosis can also be caused by a number of other viruses including cytomegalovirus (CMV), toxoplasmosis, hepatitis viruses and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). It can be important to distinguish EBV from other illnesses. EBV antibodies can be used to determine whether or not the symptoms these patients are experiencing are due to a current infection with the EBV virus. A certain percentage of those who have glandular fever will have a negative mono test this is especially true with children.
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Patients with glandular fever are diagnosed by their symptoms and the findings of a full blood count (FBC) and a monospot test (which tests for a heterophile antibody). Those who have it are often symptomatic for a month or two before the initial infection resolves. Glandular fever is a condition that is associated with fatigue, fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, an enlarged spleen, and, sometimes, an enlarged liver. However, when the initial infection is delayed until adolescence, EBV causes glandular fever in up to 50% of those infected. Most people are infected by EBV in childhood and experience few or no symptoms, even in the acute phase of the infection. Latent EBV remains in the person’s body for the rest of their life, reactivating intermittently, but causes minimal symptoms or complications unless the person’s immune system is significantly compromised. EBV then causes an acute primary infection, followed by resolution and dormancy. After exposure to the virus, there is an incubation period of several weeks. According to World Health Organisation (WHO), as many as 95% of people in the world adult population has been infected by EBV. Passed through the saliva, the virus causes an infection that is very common.
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EBV is a member of the herpes virus family.
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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibodies are a group of tests that are ordered to help diagnose a current, recent, or past EBV infection.